Drug-induced osteoporosis

Several common medications can weaken bone over time as a side effect. Corticosteroids (like prednisone) are the best-known cause, but others include certain anti-seizure drugs, some cancer treatments (aromatase inhibitors, androgen deprivation therapy), proton pump inhibitors used for acid reflux, some SSRIs, and long-term heparin. Each works differently, but many either slow down bone-building cells, speed up bone breakdown, or interfere with hormones or nutrients bone needs.

If you take one of these medications long-term, it doesn't mean you'll automatically develop osteoporosis, but it raises your risk, especially combined with other factors like age, low body weight, or a family history of fractures. Doctors sometimes order a DEXA scan or bone turnover markers to check how your bones are doing if you're on one of these drugs for an extended period.

The most important thing to know is that you should never stop or change a medication on your own because of bone health worries. These drugs are often treating serious conditions, and the benefits may outweigh the bone risks. Your prescriber can weigh the trade-offs, consider a lower effective dose, monitor your bone density, or suggest protective steps if appropriate.